The Beatles were very lenient with the public's interpretations of their songs.

In fact, only 1 or ii times did the lads insist that the public's comments about their lyrics was "expressionless incorrect." Toward the end of his life, John Lennon was determined that "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" was not about LSD! (And Paul McCartney backed him upward on this). Similarly, Paul in one case said, "Personally, I think you tin put any interpretation you desire on anything! Simply when someone suggests that "Tin't Buy Me Love" is about a prostitute, I describe the line! That's going likewise far." (1)  Merely other than these two exceptions, as a rule, The Beatles welcomed the public's multi-colored explanations of Beatles lyrics. In fact, they came to expect it.

I tin only imagine Paul "laying in bed in the Asher'southward garret," (2)  working on the lyrics for " Yellow Submarine." I tin most run into the glimmer in his eye as he imagines what the "average Jill or Joe," the scholarly professor, and the protester are going to make of his "simple children'due south song." It must have tickled him.

The thing is…every single Beatles LP included a song for Ringo. And this is Ringo's Revolver song, written in his tight vocal range and fitted for his "down-to-earth," 18-carat personality. Ringo possessed a gentleness that appealed to many people, including children. (Hence, his piece of work as Mr. Conductor on Shining Time's (Series 1) Thomas the Tank Engine show and his I Wanna Be Santa Claus CD years later). Paul's placing of Ringo in the classic role of storyteller for "Xanthous Submarine" was platonic. It worked.

But virtually as presently as the LP was released, critics began to offer up far-flung, complex explanations of the magical song'south "deep and hidden meanings." Here are just a few:

  • 1.) Sir Paul's Explanation – Paul says he was trying to create " a story, a sort of [tale of] an ancient mariner , telling the young kids where he'd lived." Tim Riley points out that Paul wanted to create a song "suited to the drummer's apprehensive charm," (3)  an enchanted story of a lovely life beneath the sea. To reach this, Paul's original tale was populated by many submarines of vivid colors, only as McCartney honed the story, information technology became the narrative of one yellow submarine and the magical people aboard this legendary vessel. (four)

In fact, Paul told author Barry Miles, " I was thinking of information technology as a song for Ringo, which it eventually turned out to exist…I quite like children's things; I like children'south minds and imagination. So information technology didn't seem uncool to me to accept a pretty surreal idea that was besides a children's idea. I idea as well, with Ringo existence so good with children—a knockabout-uncle blazon—it might not be a bad idea for him to have a children'southward song, rather than a very serious song. He wasn't that keen on singing." (five)

In short, on Side One of Revolver – a highly complex, intense compendium of thought-provoking songs – Paul's concept was to offer up a simple ditty with "short words…which would be picked up quickly and sung past children." (6) Information technology was to be a breath of fresh air, as information technology were.

  • 2.) Donovan's Story – During the writing of Revolver , Donovan and McCartney were close friends, in the habit of dropping in on one another at a moment'due south discover to share their latest compositions. Donovan says, "One of the songs Paul played for me was about a yellow submarine, just he was missing a line or two. He asked me if I'd like to brand a contribution. I left the room and came back with 'sky of blue and sea of green.'" (7) And with an insider'southward eye on the song's limerick, Donovan goes on to say that he felt Paul was using "Yellow Submarine" to convey the story of The Beatles.

Indeed, on the 2 May 2014 Howard Stern Bear witness , Donovan stated: "It'south not really a submarine; it's really about the life that [The Beatles] had been forced into living inside their ain lives in the white belfry called 'Beatle fame' and non really having any contact with reality out there anymore…you know, we are insulated from the outer earth." Donovan believed that "the friends aboard the submarine" were The Beatles' entourage and close friends/associates, and that the body of water was the protective bubble surrounding the grouping, encasing them while at the same time, cutting them off from life at large.

  • 3.) The Drug Innuendo Theory – In the summer of 1966, a pop drug had been released in New York: Nembutal capsules which were large, elongated, bluntly-rounded, and xanthous – thus acquiring the nickname "Xanthous Submarines." But McCartney – who had no problem admitting that he used marijuana and enjoyed information technology – resisted the implication that his song celebrated the new drug. Paul insisted that the just "yellowish submarines" he'd e'er tasted were sugary Greek sweets that had to be dropped into h2o to be consumed. (8) As the drug culture loudly contended that The Beatles were giving them a "surreptitious nod of approving," Robert Christgua of Esquire magazine vehemently refuted this claim. He wrote:  "I tin't believe that The Beatles indulge in the simplistic kind of symbolism that turns a yellow submarine into a Nembutal  or a assistant—information technology is just a yellow submarine, dammit!"
  • 4.) The Political Argument Philosophy – Because a submarine is, every bit Robert Rodriguez has aptly pointed out, "a slice of military equipment,"  (9) information technology was only moments after the vocal's release that radicals began applauding The Beatles for the strong anti-Vietnam argument espoused in "Xanthous Submarine." In fact, ane imaginative reviewer wrote: "The Yellow Submarine may propose, in the context of The Beatles' anti-Vietnam War statement in Tokyo this year, that the society over which Sometime Glory  floats is as isolated and morally irresponsible every bit a nuclear submarine." (10) Jumping on the bandwagon in droves, various 1966-1967 protestation groups embraced "Yellow Submarine" as their anti-war canticle. Merely none of The Beatles seconded this notion or gave it acceptance.

Naturally, there are other wild-eyed theories out at that place, some as far-fetched as the notion that the song proves John Lennon's obsession with phallic-symbols (echoed by John'south submarine bath scene in A Hard 24-hour interval's Night ). But since John had nothing to do with the writing of "Yellow Submarine," this argument rather collapses under its ain weight, doesn't it?

So…what say you? Which theory do you lot believe? Paul proclaimed, "I knew 'Yellow Submarine' would become connotations, but it really was a children's song." (11)  Or was it? Send us your thoughts, opinions, and ideas, and we'll share them with one another. Furthermore, if you lot have a theory we haven't discussed, send that forth too! We'd love to hear from you lot!

The mensurate of a great work of literature is that decades after its creation, the work'due south depth of significant is still being debated and discussed. Paul might have set out to create a unpretentious, light-hearted vocal, but for The Beatles, a masterpiece was always the concluding destination. And and so it is here likewise.


1.The Beatles, The Anthology , 114.
2.Turner, A Difficult Day's Write , 198, and Riley, Tell Me Why, 187.
3.Riley , Tell Me Why , 188.
4.Turner, 108.
5.Miles, Many Years from Now , 286-287.
6.Turner, 108.
7.Turner, 108.
8. Turner, 109.
ix.Rodriguez, Robert, Revolver: How The Beatles Re-Imagined Rock'n'Gyre , 140.
x. Doggett, Peter, There'southward a Riot Going On: Revolutionaries, Rock Stars, and the Rise and Fall of the '60s , 107–108.
11. Turner, 109


Jude Southerland Kessler is the author of the John Lennon Series: www.johnlennonseries.com

Jude is represented by 910 Public Relations — @910PubRel on Twitter and 910 Public Relations on Facebook.